| CPC A01N 25/08 (2013.01) [A01N 59/00 (2013.01); A01N 59/06 (2013.01); A01N 59/16 (2013.01); A01N 59/20 (2013.01); C23C 30/00 (2013.01)] | 19 Claims |

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1. A metallic material for disrupting a microbe species, comprising:
a substrate surface; and
at least one nanoscale projection extending from the substrate surface, the at least one nanoscale projection configured to induce a non-uniform charge to at least one of reduce or eliminate a pathogenicity of microbes by a charge transfer.
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