| CPC H10H 20/857 (2025.01) [H10H 20/81 (2025.01); H10H 20/813 (2025.01); H10H 20/8312 (2025.01); H10H 29/142 (2025.01)] | 20 Claims |

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18. An illumination system, comprising:
a light-emitting diode (LED) die that includes a p-n junction between a p-doped semiconductor material and an n-doped semiconductor material,
the LED die including a plurality of vias electrically connected in parallel to one another and configured to electrically power the p-n junction,
the plurality of vias being distributed non-uniformly over a surface area of the LED die with a density that peaks at or near a center of the LED die and decreases with increasing distances away from the peak of the density, such that when the plurality of vias are electrically powered, the LED die emits light with a surface luminance that peaks at or near the center of the LED die and decreases with increasing distances away from the peak of the surface luminance,
a high-luminance area of the LED die being defined as an area of the LED die at which the surface luminance is greater than or equal to 80% of a peak surface luminance,
the high-luminance area being less than or equal to half of the surface area of the LED die,
the high-luminance area having a perimeter,
a radial separation, extending along a line that passes through the peak of the surface luminance, between the perimeter and an edge of the LED die varying by less than 20% of a mean radial separation value around the perimeter of the high-luminance area.
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