US 12,352,723 B2
Biofunctionalized three-dimensional (3D) graphene-based field-effect transistor (FET) sensor
Sung H. Lim, Mountain View, CA (US); Eric Lewis Danielson, Santa Clara, CA (US); Maurizio Tarsia, San Carlos, CA (US); and Gary Robert Larsen, San Jose, CA (US)
Assigned to Lyten, Inc., San Jose, CA (US)
Filed by Lyten, Inc., San Jose, CA (US)
Filed on Jul. 22, 2021, as Appl. No. 17/382,638.
Application 17/382,638 is a continuation in part of application No. 17/354,175, filed on Jun. 22, 2021, abandoned.
Claims priority of provisional application 63/042,808, filed on Jun. 23, 2020.
Prior Publication US 2022/0091066 A1, Mar. 24, 2022
Int. Cl. G01N 27/414 (2006.01); H10K 85/00 (2023.01)
CPC G01N 27/4145 (2013.01) [H10K 85/761 (2023.02)] 18 Claims
OG exemplary drawing
 
1. A biological field-effect transistor (BioFET) associated with detecting a presence of an analyte in an environment, the BioFET comprising:
source and drain regions formed in a substrate;
an insulating layer disposed on a surface of the substrate;
a gate disposed on the insulating layer and configured to control a current between the source and drain regions;
a well region containing an electrolyte solution configured to retain the analyte;
a three-dimensional (3D) graphene layer forming a channel region within the well region between the source and drain regions, the 3D graphene layer biofunctionalized with a biological material configured to change an electric charge distribution of the 3D graphene layer in response to the biological material selectively binding with the analyte; and
a passivation layer configured to prevent the electrolyte solution from contacting the source and drain regions, wherein the selective binding of the analyte to the biological material is associated with a change in one or more of a current flow, a conductivity, or an impedance of the 3D graphene layer.