| CPC H02P 29/50 (2016.02) [H02M 1/44 (2013.01); H02M 7/5395 (2013.01); H02P 27/08 (2013.01)] | 19 Claims |

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1. A controller for generating carrier signals controlling a pulse width modulation (PWM) inverter driving an electric actuator, comprising:
an interface configured to connect to a victim circuit via sensors, wherein the victim circuit includes the power system or the electric actuator or a combination of the power system and the electric actuator, wherein the sensors are configured to measure an electromagnetic-interference (EMI) spectrum;
a memory configured to store modulation frequency ranges, the measured electromagnetic-interference (EMI) spectrum, a desired EMI spectrum and a learning-based carrier design program; and
a processor, in connection with the memory, configured to perform:
generating a frequency modulation (FM) carrier signal by solving an optimization problem, wherein the optimization problem is generated regarding a sweep time for a predetermined frequency by the learning-based carrier design program; and
a PWM generator configured to generate PWM signals based on the FM carrier signal.
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