US 12,346,100 B2
Systems and methods for detecting manufacturing anomalies
Andreas Billstein, Nordrhein Westfalen (DE); Illa Kesten-Kuehne, Gummersbach (DE); Hessel van Dijk, Roesrath (DE); and Michael Higgins, Witham (GB)
Assigned to Ford Global Technologies, LLC, Dearborn, MI (US)
Filed by Ford Global Technologies, LLC, Dearborn, MI (US)
Filed on Dec. 8, 2021, as Appl. No. 17/545,529.
Prior Publication US 2023/0176556 A1, Jun. 8, 2023
Int. Cl. G05B 19/418 (2006.01); G06F 18/2113 (2023.01); G06F 18/214 (2023.01); G06F 18/23 (2023.01)
CPC G05B 19/41885 (2013.01) [G05B 19/4183 (2013.01); G05B 19/4188 (2013.01); G06F 18/2113 (2023.01); G06F 18/2155 (2023.01); G06F 18/23 (2023.01)] 13 Claims
OG exemplary drawing
 
1. A method comprising:
performing a manufacturing process that comprises steps of:
manufacturing at least one ball bearing;
manufacturing a metal ring;
assembling the at least one ball bearing with the metal ring to manufacture a wheel bearing;
at a particular step of the manufacturing process attaching the wheel bearing to a test point to generate component waveforms;
identifying, at a computing device, a test response parameter of a wheel bearing;
receiving, at the computing device, a first plurality of component waveforms associated with the test response parameter from the test point, wherein each waveform of the plurality of waveforms comprises a plurality of datapoints;
generating, at the computing device, a model;
training, at the computing device and on the first plurality of component waveforms, the model, thereby generating one or more parameters associated with the model,
wherein training the model further comprises generating a reduced feature space associated with the first plurality of component waveforms,
wherein the generating the reduced feature space further comprises:
applying a Z-standardization to the first plurality of component waveforms, thereby producing a result; and
passing the result to a linear principal component analysis;
clustering the data points in the reduced feature space via a density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise algorithm, wherein the clustering comprises:
identifying one or more core-points, wherein the one or more core points are characterized by containing a minimum number of data points within a radius of neighborhood, wherein the generating the one or more parameters associated with the model further comprises:
determining the minimum number of data points as two times a number of principal components of the linear principal component analysis; and
determining the radius of neighborhood as the elbow point in a k-distance graph, wherein k is the minimum number of data points minus one;
assigning one or more data points to a cluster, wherein a cluster is based on a core point, wherein the training the model further comprises generating cluster labels for each cluster and storing the generated cluster labels;
receiving a second plurality of component waveforms associated with the test response parameter from the test point;
accessing the trained model;
indicating, using the trained model, whether any of the waveforms of the second plurality of component waveforms comprises an anomaly; and, for each indicated waveform:
reviewing the indicated waveform;
for each reviewed waveform not comprising an anomaly:
labelling the waveform; and
based at least in part on at least one of the indicated waveforms comprising an anomaly:
returning the wheel bearing to one of the steps of the manufacturing process preceding the particular step.