| CPC G01N 27/333 (2013.01) [B01J 20/226 (2013.01)] | 31 Claims |

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1. A method of capturing one or more ions from an environment, said method comprising:
associating the environment with a composition comprising a metal-organic framework,
wherein the metal-organic framework comprises a plurality of metals and a plurality of aromatic ligands coordinated with the plurality of metals,
wherein the plurality of metals comprise metals with open metal sites,
wherein the plurality of the aromatic ligands comprise a plurality of functional groups coupled to the aromatic ligands,
wherein the functional groups are operational to interact with the one or more ions, and
wherein the associating results in the capturing of the one or more ions by the metal-organic framework.
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