| CPC H01L 21/7685 (2013.01) [H01L 23/53209 (2013.01); H01L 23/53238 (2013.01); H01L 23/53252 (2013.01); H01L 23/53266 (2013.01); H01L 21/76864 (2013.01)] | 32 Claims |

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1. An interconnect structure comprising:
a dielectric layer;
a conductive interconnect on the dielectric layer; and
a graphene cap layer on the conductive interconnect,
wherein the graphene cap layer contains graphene quantum dots including spherical grains, and
the graphene cap layer has a carbon content of 80 at % to 95 at % and an oxygen content of 5 at % to 15 at %, wherein
the dielectric layer surrounds a side surface of the conductive interconnect,
the graphene cap layer is exposed on an upper surface of the conductive interconnect, and covers an entirety of an upper surface of the dielectric layer.
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