| CPC G06T 7/20 (2013.01) [B60W 30/09 (2013.01); G06T 3/18 (2024.01); G06T 7/70 (2017.01); B60W 2420/403 (2013.01); G06T 2207/30241 (2013.01)] | 18 Claims | 

| 
               1. A computer-implemented method for extracting a trajectory of an arrow in a binary image, comprising: 
            acquiring a binary image of an arrow; 
                extracting a skeleton of the arrow; 
                splitting the skeleton into bones; 
                for each of the bones, by a processor device, 
                extending a bone to obtain an extended bone having both ends of the bone reaching a border of the arrow; 
                  warping the extended bone into a straight line using a thin plate spline; 
                  warping the binary image into a warped image using a thin plate spline with same parameters as the thin plate spline used to warp the extended bone into the straight line; 
                  selecting a component that includes a center point of the warped image; and 
                  computing a symmetric error of the selected component; and 
                  selecting, as the trajectory of the arrow, a bone where the selected component has the lowest symmetric error; and 
                automatically controlling a vehicle system responsive to the trajectory of the arrow. 
               |