| CPC H10D 84/014 (2025.01) [H10D 84/0142 (2025.01); H10D 84/0158 (2025.01); H10D 84/038 (2025.01); H10D 84/834 (2025.01); H01L 21/28562 (2013.01); H01L 21/28568 (2013.01); H10D 64/017 (2025.01)] | 20 Claims |

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1. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a substrate;
a first gate structure over the substrate and comprising:
a first gate dielectric; and
a first work function metal layer over the first gate dielectric;
first gate spacers on opposite sidewalls of the first gate structure;
a first tungsten layer spanning over the first gate structure, wherein a top surface of the first tungsten layer is lower than top surfaces of the first gate spacers;
a hard mask over the first tungsten layer; and
a liner lining the hard mask, wherein sidewalls and a bottom surface of the hard mask are covered by the liner.
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