| CPC H02J 3/144 (2020.01) [H02J 3/003 (2020.01); H04L 9/3263 (2013.01); H04L 9/50 (2022.05)] | 7 Claims |
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1. A system for blockchain-based virtual power plant management, wherein the system comprises:
an event-driven based demand rapid response and flexible resource optimal allocation module configured to adjust power supply and demand in real time according to power demand information and available resource information of an industrial park;
a blockchain-based data collaboration module configured to establish a data sharing and transaction environment among various participants of a virtual power plant based on an output of the event-driven based demand rapid response and flexible resource optimal allocation module; and
a visualization management module configured to provide a user interface for displaying, in real time, operational status and power transactions of the virtual power plant in the user interface based on the output of the event-driven based demand rapid response and flexible resource optimal allocation module and an output of the blockchain-based data collaboration module; wherein
the event-driven based demand rapid response and flexible resource optimal allocation module further includes:
a first demand forecasting sub-module configured to:
collect, analyze, and count specification parameters of flexible resources, classify and visually model the flexible resources, establish a linear correlation function and/or a non-linear correlation function of each type of the flexible resources, extract a key index of each type of the flexible resources, and establish a time, space, and energy based demand response model corresponding to the industrial park for different demand scenarios according to time periods and capacities of past participation of the industrial park in grid demand response;
a first resource aggregation sub-module configured to determine a count of aggregators participating in flexible resource optimal allocation, coordinate power outputs and/or power consumptions of different units, distributed power sources, and other power-using devices, and perform coordinated operation and capacity optimization in conjunction with a smart electricity meter with a device connected to the industrial park based on a response time, a response capacity, a response rate, and a priority determined based on a preset rule of each type of flexible resources of each aggregator in a process of participating in a distributed transaction; wherein the preset rule is set according to at least one of the response time, the response capacity, and the response rate of the flexible resource; the smart electricity meter is configured to upload relevant data to the system for blockchain-based virtual power plant management in real time by monitoring an operation of the device;
a first distributed resource sub-module configured to obtain an aggregation allocation attribution and a demand response time slot of each type of the flexible resources by performing flexible resource optimization solving, determine an actual response demand on a grid side according to an actual operation situation within a day, and sequentially call the aggregators under different demand scenarios according to the priority of the flexible resources until a user demand is satisfied;
the event-driven based demand rapid response and flexible resource optimal allocation module further includes an optimization model, the optimization model including decision variables, an objective function, and constraints, wherein
the decision variables at least include the aggregation allocation attribution for the demand response time slot of each of the aggregators, the aggregation allocation attribution being set as Mm,ta, Nm,ta, wherein Mm,ta denotes a state variable with a value between 0 and 1, representing a start response time slot of a flexible resource m and an aggregation allocation attribution of an aggregator a at the start response time slot, if the flexible resource m starts responding at a time slot t and is assigned to the aggregator a at the same time, Mm,ta=1, otherwise Mm,ta=0; Nm,ta is a state variable with a value between 0 and 1, representing a current response time slot of the flexible resource m and an aggregation allocation attribution of the aggregator a in the current response time slot, if the flexible resource m has responded at the time slot t and is assigned to the aggregator a, Nm,ta=1, otherwise Nm,ta=0, wherein m∈M, t∈T, and a∈A, M denotes a collection of the flexible resources, T denotes a collection of the demand response time slots, and A denotes a collection of the aggregators;
the objective function is a function for determining a minimum value of a unit aggregator's cost of a current demand response, the objective function being set as ƒ(a)=Σt∈T Σm∈M Σa∈A wa cmpmNm,ta, wherein wa denotes a weight of the aggregator a as a percentage of an aggregator aggregation, cm denotes a cost per unit of capacity consumed by the flexible resource m within the current demand response, and pm denotes a capacity of the flexible resource m within the current demand response; and
the constraints include: an aggregation allocation limitation of the start response time slot and the current response time slot for the flexible resource m, the aggregated allocation limitation being set as
 a limitation for a count of aggregated allocations and dispatches for the flexible resource m, the limitation for the count of aggregated allocations and dispatches being set as Σt∈T Σa∈A Mm,ta≤1; a maximum response duration limitation for the flexible resource m, the maximum response duration limitation being set as Σa∈A Σt∈T Nm,ta≤Tmmax, wherein Tmmax is a maximum response duration of the flexible resource m; guaranteeing that flexible resources having a backward and forward coupling relationship are associated; a minimum response capacity limitation for the aggregator a, the minimum response capacity limitation being set as Σm∈M Nm,taPmγm≥PDa, wherein PDa denotes a minimum response capacity required after aggregation of flexible resources of the aggregator a, and γm denotes a confidence factor for timely response corresponding to the flexible resource m; a minimum response speed limitation and a minimum recovery speed limitation required after the aggregation of the flexible resources of the aggregator a, the minimum response speed limitation and the minimum recovery speed limitation being set as
 wherein hmM and hmD denote a response speed and a recovery speed of the flexible resource m, respectively, and HMa and HDa denote an overall minimum response speed and a minimum recovery speed of the aggregator a, respectively;
the event-driven based demand rapid response and flexible resource optimal allocation module further includes:
a perception layer configured to collect data from a data source, wherein the perception layer includes a device sub-layer and a monitoring sub-layer, the device sub-layer is connected to a smart device via a wireless network, the monitoring sub-layer monitors the smart device in real time via a monitoring device, and the device sub-layer communicates with the monitoring sub-layer via a standardized protocol, to generate demand response and flexible resource data in real time;
an edge layer configured to perform event-oriented data integration, wherein the edge layer, based on a blockchain network with P2P as communication and an event processor driven by a smart contract, integrates and utilizes data flowing from the perception layer based on different events, and constructs an event-driven based demand rapid response and flexible resource optimal allocation process by analyzing an event-driven workflow; and
a cloud layer configured to perform data processing to build a regulation center for multi-party negotiation scenarios and a data-driven computing center; the blockchain-based data collaboration module further includes:
a demand response transaction processing sub-module configured to process demand response transactions initiated by consumers by adjusting a power supply plan and optimizing an electricity distribution strategy based on electricity demand data; and
a cooperative agreement reaching sub-module configured to reach a cooperative agreement based on demand information from both supply and demand sides; the visualization management module further includes:
a demand-side response adjustment sub-module is configured to recommend consumers to adjust their electricity consumption strategies to reduce electricity peaks based on the cooperative agreement.
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