| CPC H01S 5/11 (2021.01) [H01S 5/0225 (2021.01); H01S 5/18391 (2013.01); H01S 5/3416 (2013.01)] | 19 Claims |

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1. A photonic crystal surface-emitting laser, comprising:
a substrate;
an n-type cladding layer disposed over the substrate;
an active layer disposed over the n-type cladding layer;
a photonic crystal structure disposed over the active layer;
a p-type cladding layer disposed over the photonic crystal structure;
a first n-type semiconductor layer disposed over the p-type cladding layer; and
a meta-surface structure disposed on a surface of the first n-type semiconductor layer away from the p-type cladding layer, wherein the meta-surface structure is an additional layer attached to and in contact with the surface of the first n-type semiconductor layer away from the p-type cladding layer.
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