| CPC H01G 9/2009 (2013.01) [C07F 19/005 (2013.01); H10K 30/10 (2023.02); H10K 30/151 (2023.02); H10K 30/40 (2023.02); H10K 85/50 (2023.02); H10K 30/50 (2023.02)] | 20 Claims |

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1. A composition comprising:
a first layer comprising a perovskite; and
a second layer comprising a perovskitoid, wherein:
the perovskite has a first crystalline structure comprising ABX3,
the perovskitoid has a second crystalline structure comprising A′B2X6,
A comprises a first cation, B comprises a second cation, X comprises an anion, and A′ comprises a third cation having either a 1+ charge or a 2+ charge.
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