| CPC G02B 27/0927 (2013.01) [G02B 1/10 (2013.01); G02B 27/0966 (2013.01)] | 15 Claims |

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1. A lens configured to transform an impinging electromagnetic beam into an electromagnetic sheet, the lens comprising: an exterior surface at least partially defined by at least one curve rotated along a path about a centroid of the lens; and a cavity, or a race having at least a portion thereof extending through an interior of the lens from an inlet port at the exterior surface, wherein: the lens is configured to transform the electromagnetic beam into a 2D electromagnetic sheet or a 3D electromagnetic sheet based on a relative incident angle of the electromagnetic beam on the lens, the lens is a prism, ring, disc, plate, or shell, and the electromagnetic sheet has a fan angle up to and including 360 degrees based on an incident location of the electromagnetic beam on the lens, a distance between a source of the electromagnetic beam and the centroid of the lens, and a distance between the centroid of the lens and a projection surface of the electromagnetic sheet.
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