| CPC F03G 7/0612 (2021.08) [C08G 59/245 (2013.01); C08G 77/045 (2013.01); C08K 3/04 (2013.01); C08K 7/06 (2013.01); F03G 7/06143 (2021.08); G01K 1/16 (2013.01); C08G 2280/00 (2013.01)] | 7 Claims |

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1. An assembly comprising:
resistive heating elements embedded in a shape memory polymer actuator, called an SMPA; and
sensing elements associated with said resistive heating elements, said sensing elements configured to sense changes in said resistive heating elements and to correlate said changes with deformation of said SMPA, wherein said resistive heating elements comprise carbon fiber-based resistive heater elements, and upon deformation of said SMPA, a density of pi-bond electrons of said carbon fiber-based resistive heater elements changes.
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