US 12,331,410 B2
Graphene and the production of graphene
René Hoffmann, Freiburg (DE); Christoph E. Nebel, Freiburg (DE); and Sarah Roscher, Freiburg (DE)
Assigned to Avadain LLC, Eads, TN (US)
Filed by Avadain LLC, Eads, TN (US)
Filed on Jun. 4, 2024, as Appl. No. 18/733,126.
Application 18/733,126 is a division of application No. 17/858,906, filed on Jul. 6, 2022, granted, now 12,129,560.
Application 17/858,906 is a continuation of application No. 16/882,579, filed on May 25, 2020, abandoned.
Application 16/882,579 is a continuation of application No. 15/642,086, filed on Jul. 5, 2017, granted, now 10,662,537, issued on May 26, 2020.
Application 15/642,086 is a continuation of application No. PCT/EP2016/073451, filed on Sep. 30, 2016.
Claims priority of application No. 102016202202.4 (DE), filed on Feb. 12, 2016.
Prior Publication US 2024/0327994 A1, Oct. 3, 2024
Int. Cl. H01M 4/587 (2010.01); B82Y 30/00 (2011.01); C01B 32/19 (2017.01); C01B 32/198 (2017.01); C25B 1/00 (2021.01); C25B 9/19 (2021.01); C25B 9/40 (2021.01); C25B 11/043 (2021.01); H01B 1/04 (2006.01); H01M 4/62 (2006.01); B82Y 40/00 (2011.01)
CPC C25B 1/00 (2013.01) [C01B 32/19 (2017.08); C01B 32/198 (2017.08); C25B 9/19 (2021.01); C25B 9/40 (2021.01); C25B 11/043 (2021.01); H01B 1/04 (2013.01); H01M 4/587 (2013.01); H01M 4/625 (2013.01); B82Y 30/00 (2013.01); B82Y 40/00 (2013.01); C01B 2204/04 (2013.01); C01P 2002/82 (2013.01); C01P 2004/03 (2013.01); C01P 2004/24 (2013.01); Y10S 977/734 (2013.01); Y10S 977/842 (2013.01)] 10 Claims
 
1. An electrode comprising:
a reversibly hydrogenated graphite comprising a plurality of flakes having
at least one flake in 10 having a size in excess of 10 square micrometers,
a coefficient of determination value of 2D single peak fitting of μ-Raman spectra of the reversibly hydrogenated graphite after thermal treatment in inert atmosphere at 2 mbar and 800° C., collected at 532 nm excitation with a resolution better than 1.8 reciprocal centimeters, of larger than 0.99 for more than 50% of the spectra, and
a defect density characteristic of μ-Raman spectra of the hydrogenated graphite collected at 532 nm excitation with a resolution better than 1.8 reciprocal centimeters and an excitation power below 2 mW at the focus of an 100× objective having an average D/G area ratio being between 0.2 and 4, wherein at least 60% of the defects are reversible hydrogenation of sp3-hybridized carbon sites away from the edges of the flakes.