CPC C10L 1/221 (2013.01) | 20 Claims |
1. A quaternary ammonium salt fuel additive comprising the structure of Formula I
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R1 is a hydrocarbyl radical, wherein the number average molecular weight of the hydrocarbyl is about 200 to about 5,000;
R2 is hydrogen or a C1-C6 alkyl group;
R3 is hydrogen or, together with R4, a —C(O)— group or a —CH2— group forming a ring structure with the nitrogen atom closest to the aromatic ring;
R4 is one of hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, —(CH2)a—NR5R6, —(CH2)a-Aryl(R1)(R2)(OR3), or together with R3, a —C(O)— group or a —CH2— group forming a ring structure with the nitrogen atom closest to the aromatic ring;
R5 is C1-C6 alkyl or, together with Ye, forms a C1-C6 alkyl substituted —C(O)O⊖;
R6 and R7, independently, are C1-C6 alkyl;
a is an integer from 1 to 10, b is an integer selected from either 0 or 1, and c is an integer from 0 to 10;
X is oxygen or nitrogen; and
Y⊖ is an anionic group having a structure R8C(O)O⊖ wherein R8 is one of (i) together with R5 a C1-C6 alkyl group or (ii) a C1-C6 alkyl, an aryl, a C1-C4 alklylene-C(O)O—R2 or a —C(O)O—R2 group.
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