US 11,999,917 B2
Mannich-based quaternary ammonium salt fuel additives
Scott D. Schwab, Richmond, VA (US); Geeta Vadehra, Richmond, VA (US); and Michel Nuckols, Midlothian, VA (US)
Assigned to Afton Chemical Corporation, Richmond, VA (US)
Filed by Afton Chemical Corporation, Richmond, VA (US)
Filed on Aug. 25, 2021, as Appl. No. 17/445,926.
Prior Publication US 2023/0077913 A1, Mar. 16, 2023
Int. Cl. C10L 1/22 (2006.01)
CPC C10L 1/221 (2013.01) 20 Claims
 
1. A quaternary ammonium salt fuel additive comprising the structure of Formula I

OG Complex Work Unit Chemistry
wherein
R1 is a hydrocarbyl radical, wherein the number average molecular weight of the hydrocarbyl is about 200 to about 5,000;
R2 is hydrogen or a C1-C6 alkyl group;
R3 is hydrogen or, together with R4, a —C(O)— group or a —CH2— group forming a ring structure with the nitrogen atom closest to the aromatic ring;
R4 is one of hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, —(CH2)a—NR5R6, —(CH2)a-Aryl(R1)(R2)(OR3), or together with R3, a —C(O)— group or a —CH2— group forming a ring structure with the nitrogen atom closest to the aromatic ring;
R5 is C1-C6 alkyl or, together with Ye, forms a C1-C6 alkyl substituted —C(O)O⊖;
R6 and R7, independently, are C1-C6 alkyl;
a is an integer from 1 to 10, b is an integer selected from either 0 or 1, and c is an integer from 0 to 10;
X is oxygen or nitrogen; and
Y⊖ is an anionic group having a structure R8C(O)O⊖ wherein R8 is one of (i) together with R5 a C1-C6 alkyl group or (ii) a C1-C6 alkyl, an aryl, a C1-C4 alklylene-C(O)O—R2 or a —C(O)O—R2 group.