| CPC F24H 1/102 (2013.01) [F24H 1/121 (2013.01); F24H 9/0015 (2013.01); F24H 9/146 (2013.01); F24H 9/1827 (2013.01); H05B 3/04 (2013.01); H05B 3/06 (2013.01); H05B 3/44 (2013.01); H05B 2203/016 (2013.01); H05B 2203/02 (2013.01); H05B 2203/021 (2013.01)] | 20 Claims |

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1. A heating unit comprising:
a heat conductor comprising:
a liquid passage channel formed in a lengthwise direction through the heat conductor, wherein the heat conductor is configured to flow liquid horizontally through the liquid passage channel in the lengthwise direction, such that the lengthwise direction is horizontal during passage of the liquid, and
a duct formed in the lengthwise direction through the heat conductor;
a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heating element disposed in the lengthwise direction within the duct, at least a first end of the PTC heating element being coplanar with a first end of the heat conductor and disposed within the duct;
an end cover coupled to the first end of the heat conductor and comprising a space therein configured to accommodate a second end of the PTC heating element; and
a sealing gasket disposed around an opening of the duct between the end cover and the first end of the heat conductor.
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