CPC G01N 21/6428 (2013.01) [G01N 21/64 (2013.01); G01N 21/6458 (2013.01); G01N 33/582 (2013.01); G02B 21/16 (2013.01); G02B 21/367 (2013.01); G02B 27/58 (2013.01); G01N 2021/6419 (2013.01); G01N 2021/6421 (2013.01); G01N 2021/6439 (2013.01); G01N 2021/6441 (2013.01); G01N 21/648 (2013.01)] | 25 Claims |
1. A method comprising:
(a) providing activation radiation to a sample that includes phototransformable optical labels (“PTOLs”) to activate a subset of the PTOLs in the sample, wherein the activation radiation is provided such that adjacent activated PTOLs in a focal plane of a detection objective of imaging optics used to image radiation from the PTOLs are separated by distances that are, on average, larger than a diffraction limited resolution of the detection objective;
(b) providing excitation radiation to the sample to excite at least some of the activated subset of PTOLs;
(c) detecting radiation emitted from an activated and excited PTOL of the subset of PTOLs, wherein the activated and excited PTOL is bound to a protein in the sample;
(d) repeating (b) and (c) at different times; and
(e) determining, based on the detected radiation, locations of the activated and excited PTOL bound to the protein at the different times, wherein the locations are determined with an accuracy that is greater than a diffraction limited resolution of the detection objective.
|