| CPC G06T 11/008 (2013.01) [G06T 5/10 (2013.01); G06T 5/20 (2013.01); G06T 5/70 (2024.01); G06T 5/73 (2024.01); G06T 7/0014 (2013.01); G06T 2207/10088 (2013.01); G06T 2207/20081 (2013.01); G06T 2207/20084 (2013.01); G06T 2207/30008 (2013.01)] | 17 Claims |

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1. An apparatus, comprising:
one or more processors configured to:
obtain a reconstructed medical image of an anatomical structure based on under-sampled medical data collected from a medical data space;
process the reconstructed medical image of the anatomical structure through an invertible neural network (INN) to derive a refined medical image of the anatomical structure, wherein the refined medical image includes an improvement to the reconstructed medical image with respect to at least one of a sharpness of the refined medical image, a resolution of the refined medical image, or an amount of noise in the refined medical image, wherein the INN is pre-trained to learn a mapping from the refined medical image to the reconstructed medical image, and wherein, during the derivation of the refined medical image, the one or more processors are configured to:
generate a preliminary medical image based on the reconstructed medical image and an inverse of the mapping learned by the INN;
convert the preliminary medical image into medical data in the medical data space;
update at least a portion of the medical data based on the under-sampled medical data; and
generate the refined medical image based on the updated medical data; and
store or transmit the refined medical image.
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