receiving, by a user terminal, a downlink radio frame transmitted by a satellite, wherein the downlink radio frame comprises a target time for an uplink radio frame from the user terminal and one or more additional uplink radio frames from one or more additional user terminals to arrive at the satellite;

determining, by the user terminal, a downlink propagation delay associated with the downlink radio frame and an uplink propagation delay associated with the uplink radio frame to be transmitted from the user terminal to the satellite;

based on the target time, the downlink propagation delay and the uplink propagation delay, determining, by the user terminal, an uplink transmission delay indicating an amount of time to delay a transmission of the uplink radio frame to the satellite, wherein the uplink transmission delay is determined for the uplink radio frame to arrive at the satellite at the target time, wherein the target time comprises a same target time as the one or more additional uplink radio frames from the one or more additional user terminals;

transmitting, by the user terminal, the uplink radio frame at a time corresponding to the uplink transmission delay;

removing a downlink frequency offset from the downlink radio frame, the downlink frequency offset being estimated based on a velocity and position of the satellite;

correcting timing information associated with the downlink radio frame based on a downlink correction factor that post-compensates for a local clock error;

determining an uplink correction factor associated with the uplink radio frame, wherein the uplink correction factor pre-compensates for at least one of the local clock error or an uplink Doppler frequency offset; and

applying the uplink correction factor to the uplink radio frame.