| CPC H04W 48/18 (2013.01) [H04W 8/02 (2013.01); H04W 12/06 (2013.01); H04W 48/08 (2013.01); H04W 84/12 (2013.01)] | 20 Claims | 

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               1. A method comprising: 
            obtaining, by an authentication element for an identity provider in a wireless local area network roaming federation, access network information for each of a plurality of access networks that neighbor a first access network, wherein the access network information is obtained through connection of a client device with the first access network involving a first identity provider profile for the client device; 
                determining, by the authentication element, one or more alternative access networks with which the client device is recommended to seek connection instead of the first access network or one or more alternative identity provider profiles with which the client device is recommended to connect to the first access network based, at least in part, on the access network information and roaming criteria of the identity provider; and 
                enabling, based on the determining, the client device to initiate a connection with at least one alternative access network of the one or more alternative access networks or to re-initiate a connection with the first access network utilizing one or more alternative identity provider profiles. 
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