| CPC H04L 1/0071 (2013.01) [H04L 1/0057 (2013.01); H04L 7/0075 (2013.01); H04Q 11/0062 (2013.01)] | 21 Claims |

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1. A data processing method, comprising:
receiving a data flow sent by an encoder side in a passive optical network (PON) system, wherein the data flow is a bit stream that is based on interleaving encoding of multiple forward error correction (FEC) codewords, wherein a first FEC codeword of the multiple FEC codewords comprises synchronization information, and wherein the synchronization information is distributed in the data flow based on a first permutation interval;
obtaining, from the data flow, first data information based on a first value interval and a first value length, wherein the first value interval is equal to the first permutation interval, and wherein the first value length is equal to a length of the synchronization information; and
performing, in response to a similarity between the first data information and the synchronization information exceeding a preset similarity threshold, de-interleaving on the data flow based on a start location of the first data information.
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