| CPC A01G 22/35 (2018.02) [A01B 79/02 (2013.01); G05B 15/02 (2013.01); A01G 25/00 (2013.01)] | 6 Claims |
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1. A method for rapid reconstruction of a food source habitat of Leucogeranus leucogeranus by using a returned farmland, comprising following steps:
S1, selecting degraded farmland plots: selecting plots for returning farmland to wetland adjacent to a natural wetland as a target reconstruction site, and dividing stress degrees according to soil saline-alkali states of the plots for returning farmland to wetland;
S2, constructing a connected plot network: dividing independent reconstruction plot units in the reconstruction site, and piling soil ridges around the independent reconstruction plot units and on peripheral edges of the reconstruction site;
S3, improving local soil habitat elements: using surrounding natural wetland water bodies for flood irrigation of the target reconstruction site; using a rotary tiller for rotary tillage of surface soil, and performing secondary rotary tillage after adding vermiculite;
S4, coating water chestnut bulbs: collecting the water chestnut bulbs in the natural wetland at a designated time one year before implementing the food source habitat of Leucogeranus leucogeranus, and sequentially performing drying, low-temperature sand storage and a coating operation on the water chestnut bulbs;
S5, cultivating the water chestnut bulbs: cultivating the water chestnut bulbs in a form of rows in a unit reconstruction plot; and
S6, regulating and controlling and managing a hydrological environment: using a water pump to divert water to regulate and control the hydrological environment of a selected reconstruction site;
the dividing the stress degrees according to the soil saline-alkali states of the plots for returning farmland to wetland wherein: when a soil saline-alkali state is 0 mmol/L, dividing into no saline-alkali stress, when a soil saline-alkali state is 0-25 mmol/L, dividing into mild saline-alkali stress, when a soil saline-alkali state is 25-50 mmol/L, dividing into moderate saline-alkali stress, and when a soil saline-alkali state is 50-100 mmol/L, dividing into severe saline-alkali stress;
the flood irrigation of the selected reconstruction site wherein: performing flood irrigation until a surface accumulated water depth of the reconstruction site reaches 5-10 centimeters, with a water body retention duration lasting for 2-3 days, and then using the water pump to pump a water body and return to the natural wetland, requiring flood irrigation once for plots without saline-alkali type stress, flood irrigation twice for plots with mild saline-alkali stress, flood irrigation three times for plots with moderate saline-alkali stress and flood irrigation three to four times for plots with severe saline-alkali stress;
in the coating operation, first placing the water chestnut bulbs after the low-temperature sand storage in 1% potassium permanganate solution for disinfection after washing, and then placing in a coating machine and coating in a roller form, wherein the coating machine is required to be internally provided with mixed powder of ammonium nitrate, urea, difenoconazole and brassinolide, and a mass ratio of the ammonium nitrate, the urea, the difenoconazole and the brassinolide is 1.5:7:1:0.5; and
when using the water pump to divert the water to regulate and control the hydrological environment of the selected reconstruction site, requiring a first water replenishment work to be carried out within 7 to 10 days after water chestnut seedlings are cultivated, and replenishing water until a soil water content is more than 65% and there is no accumulated water on a surface; requiring a subsequent water diversion work to be carried out when the water chestnut seedlings grow to 3 to 5 centimeters; requiring a flooding depth to be maintained at 5 centimeters after water replenishment; and requiring artificial water replenishment to be terminated in early November.
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