| CPC G03F 7/70341 (2013.01) [B06B 1/0644 (2013.01)] | 21 Claims |

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1. A lithographic apparatus comprising:
a substrate holder configured to hold a substrate,
a projection system configured to project a radiation beam onto the substrate held by the substrate holder,
a fluid handling system configured to confine immersion liquid to a space between a part of the projection system and a surface of the substrate so that the radiation beam can irradiate the surface of the substrate by passing through the immersion liquid, and
an excitation device configured to generate surface acoustic waves in the substrate and propagating toward the immersion liquid.
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