| CPC H04W 76/16 (2018.02) [H04W 8/20 (2013.01); H04W 12/06 (2013.01); H04W 36/1446 (2023.05); H04W 88/06 (2013.01)] | 20 Claims |

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1. A method to manage traffic for a mobile virtual network operator (MVNO), the method comprising:
receiving, at a mobile network operator (MNO) core network, a setup request from a user equipment (UE) via at least one of an MNO access network or a hybrid (H)-MVNO access network;
determining, at the MNO core network and based on an identifier included in the setup request, the UE is associated with a multiple-system operator (MSO) providing an H-MVNO core network;
receiving one or more data packets, from the UE, at the MNO core network; and
sending, using one or more inter-network interfaces between the MNO core network and the H-MVNO core network, the one or more data packets to the H-MVNO core network in response to the UE being associated with the MSO.
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