| CPC H04L 9/3213 (2013.01) [G06F 9/547 (2013.01); G06F 21/6245 (2013.01); G16H 10/60 (2018.01)] | 20 Claims |

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1. A method performed by one or more computers, the method comprising:
accessing, by the one or more computers, a data storage system that stores, in one or more data storage devices:
data for multiple individuals, wherein the data for each individual is stored in a different logical data storage area, and wherein the data for each individual is stored in the corresponding data storage area in encrypted form; and
metadata for the data storage areas, wherein the metadata for each data storage area is derived from an unencrypted version of the data that is stored in the data storage area in encrypted form, and wherein the metadata for each data storage area indicates one or more data classifications that describe a characteristic of the data in the data storage area without revealing values stored in the data storage area;
providing, by the one or more computers, a search interface to search for candidate participants for health research, wherein the interface enables a user to specify search parameters for identifying candidate participants;
receiving, by the one or more computers, input provided through the search interface that indicates search criteria including one or more characteristics of data stored in the data storage areas;
while restricting access to the contents of the data storage areas, selecting, by the one or more computers, a plurality of the data storage areas based on the search criteria and the metadata for the data storage areas, wherein the plurality of the data storage areas are selected at least based in part on whether the metadata for the data storage areas indicates that the data storage areas store data having the one or more characteristics indicated by the search criteria; and
providing, by the one or more computers, search results indicating at least a subset of the plurality of data storage areas selected based on the search criteria and the metadata for the data storage areas.
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