| CPC H04L 63/1475 (2013.01) [H04B 10/075 (2013.01)] | 20 Claims |

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1. A method comprising:
receiving a photon signal jointly encoded in time and frequency as a time-frequency state;
separating the photon signal with a dispersive element to generate a plurality of frequency components;
delaying each corresponding frequency component of the plurality of frequency components by a corresponding time delay to generate a plurality of delayed frequency components;
combining the plurality of delayed frequency components to generate a frequency-separated signal; and
measuring the frequency-separated signal to determine the time-frequency state of the photon signal.
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