| CPC H04B 7/0871 (2013.01) [H04B 7/06 (2013.01); H04B 7/0817 (2013.01)] | 18 Claims |

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1. A system for determining a variability in a state of a medium, comprising:
a sensor configured to monitor the medium, the sensor including:
a transmit circuit configured to generate a plurality of transmit signals,
wherein the transmit signals are in a microwave or radio frequency band and each of the plurality of transmit signals are transmitted into the medium at a different time;
an antenna configured to receive return signals from the medium over time,
wherein each of the return signals result from transmission of the plurality of transmit signals into the medium,
wherein the antenna consists of a strip of conductive material having at least one lateral dimension thereof greater than a thickness dimension thereof, the strip of conductive material being disposed on a substrate; and
a processor configured to process return signals received over time to determine the variability in the state of the medium over time.
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