| CPC H01L 21/67248 (2013.01) [H01L 21/67017 (2013.01); H01L 21/67103 (2013.01)] | 20 Claims |

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1. A method comprising:
supplying a direct current (DC) power to a heating element embedded into a substrate support assembly;
measuring a voltage across the heating element and a current through the heating element as the DC power is supplied to the heating element;
determining a resistance of the heating element based on the measured voltage and the measured current;
obtaining a temperature measurement for at least one of the heating element or a zone that includes the heating element as the DC power is supplied to the heating element, wherein the temperature measurement is obtained based on one or more signals of a temperature sensor;
updating a temperature model based on the determined resistance of the heating element and the obtained temperature measurement; and
controlling, based on the updated temperature model and during a substrate process, a temperature of at least one of:
the heating element embedded in a substrate support assembly, or
an additional heating element embedded in the substrate support assembly or embedded in an additional substrate support assembly.
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