| CPC G01V 5/102 (2013.01) [G01N 23/2208 (2013.01); G01N 23/222 (2013.01); G01V 5/045 (2013.01); G01V 5/234 (2024.01); G01N 2223/0745 (2013.01); G01N 2223/1066 (2013.01); G01N 2223/507 (2013.01); G01N 2223/616 (2013.01)] | 21 Claims |

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1. A system comprising:
one or more downhole tools, wherein a first downhole tool of the one or more downhole tools comprises:
a pulsed neutron generator configured to emit neutrons into a borehole of a geological formation;
one or more first gamma-ray detectors configured to obtain a first measurement of gamma-ray emissions of a borehole environment, the gamma-ray emissions induced by the neutrons emitted from the pulsed neutron generator; and data processing circuitry configured to:
determine a Sigma value associated with the borehole environment based on the first measurement;
determine a plurality of elemental concentrations of a corresponding plurality of elements based on one or more gamma-ray energy spectra obtained via the one or more downhole tools, wherein the plurality of elements excludes lithium;
determine an elemental Sigma contribution of the plurality of elements based on the plurality of elemental concentrations of the corresponding plurality of elements;
determine a lithium Sigma contribution based on a difference between the Sigma value and the elemental Sigma contribution of the plurality of elements; and
determine a lithium concentration within the borehole environment based on the lithium Sigma contribution.
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