| CPC A61L 27/34 (2013.01) [A61L 2420/02 (2013.01); A61L 2420/06 (2013.01)] | 16 Claims |

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1. A formulation comprising: (i) one or more reactive components that can form a bonded layer on a surface in which the bonded layer comprises an array of compounds each compound having one end bound to a surface and an opposite end extending away from the surface; (ii) an acid catalyst; (iii) a solvent; and (iv) a lubricant,
wherein the one or more reactive components are selected from the group consisting of an alkoxysilane, di-alkoxy silane, tri-alkoxy silane or combinations thereof, and
wherein the lubricant has a viscosity of at least about 2 cSt when measured at 25° C.
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