| CPC H01M 10/24 (2013.01) [H01M 4/364 (2013.01); H01M 4/485 (2013.01); H01M 4/505 (2013.01); H01M 4/5815 (2013.01); B82Y 30/00 (2013.01); H01M 2004/021 (2013.01); H01M 2004/028 (2013.01); H01M 4/244 (2013.01); H01M 2300/0014 (2013.01)] | 20 Claims |

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1. A battery cell comprising:
an anode including zinc;
a cathode including a non-acidic metal oxide and an acidic metal oxide, the acidic metal oxide having a particle size less than 100 nm, the acidic metal oxide having a pH<5 and a Hammett function H0>−12, the pH measured when the acidic metal oxide is suspended in water at 5 wt %;
the acidic metal oxide being in a range of 1 wt % to 15 wt %;
the non-acidic metal oxide being in a range of 85 wt % to 99 wt % and being a different metal oxide than that of the acidic metal oxide, and
an electrolyte located between the anode and the cathode,
wherein the electrolyte is a basic alkaline electrolyte, and
wherein the non-acidic metal oxide is manganese dioxide or manganese nickel oxide.
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