| CPC G06F 16/27 (2019.01) [G06F 16/2365 (2019.01); G06F 16/2379 (2019.01)] | 20 Claims | 

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               1. A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium comprising instructions that upon execution cause a system to: 
            maintain, for a base storage structure and a collection of snapshots associated with the base storage structure, statistics relating to usage of storage space based on data of the base storage structure and the collection of snapshots; 
                check metadata of a first snapshot to determine validity of references in the metadata and a presence of any child of the first snapshot or a grandparent of the first snapshot; 
                add, based on the validity of the references in the metadata and the presence of any child or grandparent of the first snapshot, a hint comprising a flag set to a first value to a metadata entry of a parent of the first snapshot, the flag set to the first value indicating that a metadata entry of the child or the grandparent is to be checked for determining whether shared storage space becomes storage space uniquely used by a second snapshot; and 
                update the statistics relating to usage of storage space by checking the metadata entry of the child or the grandparent based on the flag set to the first value. 
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