the memory apparatus includes at least one memory chip, and each memory chip includes a plurality of memory planes, each memory plane having a plurality of pages, a plurality of pages located at a same position in each of the memory planes of the at least one memory chip form a page line, the memory apparatus includes a plurality of tag groups; each tag group having a plurality of page lines;

the memory controller is configured to:

when the memory apparatus is powered down and then powered on, respectively perform, in sequence, a recoding operation on all pages of which states are programmed states in each tag group;

according to an encoding result corresponding to each tag group, respectively determine whether check data corresponding to each tag group is abnormal; and

upon determining that the check data corresponding to a tag group is abnormal, correct an address of a starting encoded page of a last page line in the tag group.