| CPC H05B 33/145 (2013.01) [C23C 16/306 (2013.01); H05B 33/10 (2013.01); C23C 16/45525 (2013.01)] | 16 Claims |

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1. A display element comprising:
a first insulator layer;
a second insulator layer; and
a first phosphor layer of activator-group 4 element codoped zinc sulfide, ZnS:X,Y, between the first insulator layer and the second insulator layer;
wherein the first phosphor layer has an average atomic percentage of group 4 elements, at-%aveY, of at least 0.01 atomic percent, at-%;
wherein at least one of europium, Eu; manganese, Mn; samarium, Sm; and terbium, Tb, is used as an activator, X, in the first phosphor layer; and
wherein at least one of titanium, Ti; zirconium, Zr; hafnium, Hf; and rutherfordium, Rf, is used as a group 4 element dopant, Y, in the first phosphor layer.
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