US 12,268,864 B2
Mixed ionic electronic conductors for improved charge transport in electrotherapeutic devices
Amy M. Heintz, Dublin, OH (US); Krenar Shqau, Columbus, OH (US); Ramanathan Lalgudi, Westerville, OH (US); and Katherine M Palmer, Columbus, OH (US)
Assigned to Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH (US)
Filed by Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH (US)
Filed on Jan. 26, 2022, as Appl. No. 17/584,827.
Application 17/584,827 is a division of application No. 16/080,303, granted, now 11,266,827, previously published as PCT/US2018/026981, filed on Apr. 10, 2018.
Claims priority of provisional application 62/483,942, filed on Apr. 10, 2017.
Prior Publication US 2022/0143395 A1, May 12, 2022
Int. Cl. A61N 1/04 (2006.01); C08J 5/02 (2006.01); H01B 1/24 (2006.01)
CPC A61N 1/0496 (2013.01) [C08J 5/02 (2013.01); A61N 1/0436 (2013.01); A61N 1/0452 (2013.01); A61N 1/0456 (2013.01); C08J 2309/04 (2013.01); H01B 1/24 (2013.01)] 20 Claims
OG exemplary drawing
 
1. A method of conducting neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), comprising:
applying an electrode onto a skin of a patient; and
generating a current through the electrode to activate a muscle wherein the electrode comprises:
alternative (a) which includes coalesced elastomer particles, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and a glycosaminoglycan, wherein the CNTs and glycosaminoglycan are disposed on the exterior of the coalesced elastomer particles; or
alternative (b) which includes elastomer, CNTs, and a glycosaminoglycan and is characterizable by a conductivity of at least 1000 mS/cm that changes by less than 10% after 5 strain cycles of extending the electrode by 50% and allowing the electrode to contract; or
alternative (c) which includes coalesced polymeric particles, electrical conductor, and ionic conductor, wherein the electrical conductor and ionic conductor are disposed on the exterior of the coalesced polymeric particles.