US 12,268,822 B2
Methods, systems, and apparatus for modulating or reducing photophobic responses
Steven M. Blair, Salt Lake City, UT (US); and Bradley Jay Katz, Salt Lake City, UT (US)
Assigned to University of Utah Research Foundation, Salt Lake City, UT (US)
Filed by University of Utah Research Foundation, Salt Lake City, UT (US)
Filed on Apr. 20, 2023, as Appl. No. 18/304,228.
Application 18/304,228 is a continuation of application No. 16/800,951, filed on Feb. 25, 2020, granted, now 11,672,944.
Application 16/800,951 is a continuation of application No. 16/445,085, filed on Jun. 18, 2019, granted, now 10,605,970, issued on Mar. 31, 2020.
Application 16/445,085 is a continuation of application No. 15/673,264, filed on Aug. 9, 2017, granted, now 10,359,552, issued on Jul. 23, 2019.
Application 15/673,264 is a continuation in part of application No. 14/338,182, filed on Jul. 22, 2014, granted, now 9,764,157, issued on Sep. 19, 2017.
Application 14/338,182 is a continuation in part of application No. 14/160,374, filed on Jan. 21, 2014, granted, now 9,759,848, issued on Sep. 12, 2017.
Application 14/160,374 is a continuation in part of application No. 13/979,876, granted, now 9,606,277, issued on Mar. 28, 2017, previously published as PCT/US2012/021500, filed on Jan. 17, 2012.
Claims priority of provisional application 61/433,344, filed on Jan. 17, 2011.
Prior Publication US 2023/0248937 A1, Aug. 10, 2023
Int. Cl. A61M 21/02 (2006.01); A61N 5/06 (2006.01); G02B 5/22 (2006.01); G02B 5/28 (2006.01); G02C 7/10 (2006.01); A61M 21/00 (2006.01)
CPC A61M 21/02 (2013.01) [A61N 5/0618 (2013.01); G02B 5/22 (2013.01); G02B 5/285 (2013.01); G02C 7/104 (2013.01); A61M 2021/0044 (2013.01); A61N 2005/0663 (2013.01); A61N 2005/0667 (2013.01); G02B 5/289 (2013.01); G02B 2207/101 (2013.01)] 4 Claims
OG exemplary drawing
 
1. An apparatus for reducing the frequency and/or severity of photophobic responses by controlling light exposure to melanopsin ganglion cells in a retina, the apparatus comprising an optical filter configured to transmit:
a first amount of light determined by a weighted average across a Gaussian function with central wavelength of about 480 nm and full-width at half-maximum of about 52 nm, the first amount of light being a dose of light experienced by the cis isoform of the melanopsin ganglion cells of a subject (Dmelan);
a second amount of light determined by a weighted average across a Gaussian function with central wavelength of about 590 nm and full-width at half-maximum of about 40 nm, the second amount of light being a dose of light experienced by the trans isoform of the melanopsin ganglion cells of a subject (Drec,590); and
a third amount of light determined by a weighted average across a Gaussian function with central wavelength of about 550 nm and full-width at half-maximum of about 134 nm, the third amount of light is a dose of light experienced over the visual response spectrum (Dvis),
wherein a ratio including the third amount of light and the first amount of light is defined as a first figure of merit (FOM1), the first figure of merit being determined by:

OG Complex Work Unit Math
where Dmelan(T=1) is the first amount of light in the absence of an optical filter, and Dvis(T=1) is the third amount of light in the absence of an optical filter, wherein the first figure of merit of the optical filter is between 0.9 and 1.5, and
wherein a ratio including the third amount of light and the second amount of light is defined as a second figure of merit (FOM2), the second figure of merit being determined by:

OG Complex Work Unit Math
where D590,rec(T=1) is the second amount of light in the absence of an optical filter,
wherein the second figure of merit of the optical filter is between 1.25 and 2.0.