CPC H01M 10/056 (2013.01) [H01M 4/139 (2013.01); H01M 4/663 (2013.01); H01M 4/667 (2013.01); H01M 10/0525 (2013.01); H01M 2300/002 (2013.01); H01M 2300/0028 (2013.01); H01M 2300/0082 (2013.01)] | 33 Claims |
1. A rechargeable lithium cell comprising:
(a) a cathode having a cathode active material and a first electrolyte in ionic contact with the cathode active material;
(b) an anode having an anode current collector but no anode active material and having no lithium metal when the cell is made, wherein said anode current collector comprises a foil, perforated sheet, or foam of a metal having two primary surfaces wherein at least one primary surface is coated with or protected by a layer of lithiophilic metal, a layer of graphene material, or both, wherein the lithiophilic metal is selected from Au, Ag, Mg, Zn, Ti, K, Al, Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Sn, V, Cr, an alloy thereof, or a combination thereof;
(c) a porous separator electronically separating said anode and said cathode; and
(d) a second electrolyte, comprising a polymer electrolyte in ionic contact with the first electrolyte, wherein the polymer electrolyte is disposed substantially between the anode and the cathode, between the separator and the cathode, and/or between the separator and the anode.
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