P acrylate or methacrylate group,

Sp a single bond, or —(CH₂)₂—, —(CH₂)₃—, or —(CH₂)₄—, or —O—(CH₂)₂—, —O—(CH₂)₃—, —O—CO—(CH₂)₂, or —CO—O—(CH)₂— wherein the O atom or the CO group is attached to a benzene ring,

L F, Cl, —CN, or straight chain alkyl having 1 to 25 C atoms, branched alkyl having 3 to 25 C atoms, or cyclic alkyl having 3 to 25 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH₂-groups are each optionally replaced by —O—, —S—, —CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—, —O—CO—O— in such a manner that O- and/or S-atoms are not directly connected with each other, and wherein one or more H atoms are each optionally replaced by P, F or Cl,

r1, r2, and r3 independently of each other 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4,

r4 0, 1, 2 or 3,

k 0 or 1,

wherein in the compounds of formulae IC-1 to IC-9 at least one of the phenylene groups is monosubstituted with L^b,

wherein the compounds of formulae IA-1 to IA-10 contain at least one spacer group Sp that is at least monosubstituted with L^a and/or at least one group L that denotes L^a,

L^a —C(R^aa)(R^bb)OH,

L^b straight-chain or branched alkenyl with 3 to 7 C atoms, and

R^aa, R^bb straight-chain alkyl with 1 to 6 C atoms; and

R¹ and R² straight chain alkyl having 1 to 25 C atoms, branched alkyl having 3 to 25 C atoms, or cyclic alkyl having 3 to 25 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH₂-groups are each optionally replaced by —O—, —S—, —CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—, —O—CO—O—, CR⁰═CR⁰⁰—, —C≡C—,

R⁰ and R⁰⁰ H or alkyl with 1 to 12 C atoms,

A¹ and A² a group selected from the following formulae:

wherein the individual radicals, independently of each other and on each occurrence identically or differently, have the following meanings

Z¹ and Z² —CH₂CH₂—, —CH═CH—, —CF₂O—, —OCF₂—, —CH₂O—, —OCH₂—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—, —C₂F₄—, —CF═CF—, —CH═CH—CH₂O— or a single bond,

L¹, L², L³ and L⁴ F, Cl, OCF₃, CF₃, CH₃, CH₂F or CHF₂,

Y H, F, Cl, CF₃, CHF₂ or CH₃,

L^C CH₃ or OCH₃,

a1 1 or 2,

a2 0 or 1.