| CPC H04L 63/1483 (2013.01) [G06F 13/28 (2013.01); G06F 40/284 (2020.01); G06F 2213/0024 (2013.01)] | 26 Claims |

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1. A method comprising:
obtaining, using a data processing unit (DPU) operatively coupled to a host device, a snapshot of data stored in physical memory of the host device, the data being associated with one or more computer programs executed by the host device, wherein the snapshot of data is obtained by the DPU using out-of-band memory acquisitions isolated from the one or more computer programs;
extracting, using a machine learning (ML) detection system, a set of features from the snapshot, wherein the set of features comprising words in a candidate uniform resource locator (URL) and numeric features of a URL structure of the candidate URL;
classifying, using the set of features and the ML detection system, the candidate URL as malicious or benign; and
outputting an indication of a malicious URL responsive to the candidate URL being classified as malicious.
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