| CPC H10B 51/30 (2023.02) [G11C 11/223 (2013.01); G11C 16/0466 (2013.01); G11C 16/0483 (2013.01); H01L 27/0688 (2013.01); H01L 29/6684 (2013.01); H01L 29/78391 (2014.09); H10B 51/00 (2023.02)] | 20 Claims |

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1. A method for forming a semiconductor memory structure, comprising:
forming a plurality of doped regions separated from each other in a semiconductor substrate;
forming a stack comprising a plurality of first insulating layers and a plurality of second insulating layers alternately arranged over the semiconductor substrate;
forming a first trench in the stack;
replacing the plurality of second insulating layers with a plurality of conductive layers;
forming a second trench in the stack;
forming a charge-trapping layer and a channel layer in the second trench, wherein the charge-trapping layer is in physical contact with the semiconductor substrate and separated from the plurality of doped regions;
forming an isolation structure filling the second trench, wherein sidewalls of the isolation structure are in contact with the channel layer, and a bottom of the isolation structure is in contact with the charge-trapping layer; and
forming a source structure and a drain structure at two sides of the isolation structure.
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