| CPC H04W 40/248 (2013.01) [H04L 61/10 (2013.01); H04L 2101/622 (2022.05); H04W 84/12 (2013.01); H04W 88/16 (2013.01)] | 26 Claims |

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1. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing processor-executable instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to:
determine, via a first device of a plurality of devices, that a portion of network traffic associated with a user device and at least one device of the plurality of devices comprises voice call data;
determine that the user device is no longer communicating with the at least one device; and
send, based on the portion of network traffic being voice call data, a message to the plurality of devices, wherein the message indicates the user device is no longer communicating with the at least one device.
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