| CPC H02J 7/00711 (2020.01) [H02J 7/0048 (2020.01); H02J 7/005 (2020.01); H02J 7/00714 (2020.01)] | 40 Claims |

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1. A battery management system, comprising:
an input configured to couple to a direct-current power supply and receive a direct-current voltage at the input from the direct-current power supply;
an output configured to couple to a battery; and
battery management circuitry coupled between the direct-current power supply and the battery, wherein the battery management circuitry comprises:
an energy reservoir;
a first power converter interfaced between the energy reservoir and the input and configured to transfer electrical energy from the input to the energy reservoir; and
a second power converter interfaced between the energy reservoir and the output and configured to deliver electrical energy to the output at a significantly higher peak-to-average power ratio than receipt of electrical energy to the input.
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