US 12,255,456 B2
Decentralized frequency control with packet-based energy management
Mads Almassalkhi, South Burlington, VT (US); Hani Mavalizadeh, Burlington, VT (US); and Luis A. Duffaut Espinosa, Williston, VT (US)
Assigned to University of Vermont and State Agricultural College, Burlington, VT (US)
Filed by University of Vermont and State Agricultural College, Burlington, VT (US)
Filed on May 7, 2024, as Appl. No. 18/656,800.
Application 18/656,800 is a division of application No. 17/305,491, filed on Jul. 8, 2021, granted, now 11,990,750.
Prior Publication US 2024/0380207 A1, Nov. 14, 2024
Int. Cl. H02J 3/14 (2006.01); H02J 3/38 (2006.01)
CPC H02J 3/144 (2020.01) [H02J 3/381 (2013.01); H02J 2203/10 (2020.01); H02J 2310/54 (2020.01); H02J 2310/60 (2020.01)] 20 Claims
OG exemplary drawing
 
1. A method of providing frequency response services, the method comprising:
an electrical grid with an aggregator in communication with a fleet of distributed energy resources (DERs), the DERs configured to operate according to a frequency response local control law that causes the DERs to interrupt the drawing or discharging of electrical energy from the electrical grid when a measured frequency of the electrical grid exceeds a frequency threshold;
recording a start time when each of the DERs begin drawing or discharging energy;
maintaining a timer histogram that provides a status of timer states for the fleet of DERS;
estimating a primary frequency response capability of the fleet of DERs according to the timer histogram; and
controlling operation of the DERs as a function of the frequency response capability so as to enhance grid stability and reliability.