US 12,251,674 B2
Substrates, systems, and methods for array synthesis and biomolecular analysis
John J. Rajasekaran, Hillsborough, CA (US); Vasanth Jayaraman, San Mateo, CA (US); Tianhao Wang, San Mateo, CA (US); Kang Bei, San Mateo, CA (US); Hari Krishnan Krishnamurthy, San Mateo, CA (US); and Punitha Vedantham, San Carlos, CA (US)
Assigned to Vibrant Holdings, LLC, Santa Clara, CA (US)
Filed by Vibrant Holdings LLC, San Carlos, CA (US)
Filed on Jul. 14, 2020, as Appl. No. 16/928,723.
Application 16/928,723 is a continuation of application No. 16/287,968, filed on Feb. 27, 2019, granted, now 10,799,845.
Application 16/287,968 is a continuation of application No. 14/442,389, granted, now 10,286,376, issued on May 14, 2019, previously published as PCT/US2013/070207, filed on Nov. 14, 2013.
Application 14/442,389 is a continuation in part of application No. PCT/US2013/062773, filed on Sep. 30, 2013.
Application PCT/US2013/062773 is a continuation in part of application No. PCT/US2013/025190, filed on Feb. 7, 2013.
Claims priority of provisional application 61/726,515, filed on Nov. 14, 2012.
Claims priority of provisional application 61/732,221, filed on Nov. 30, 2012.
Claims priority of provisional application 61/765,584, filed on Feb. 15, 2013.
Claims priority of provisional application 61/805,884, filed on Mar. 27, 2013.
Claims priority of provisional application 61/866,512, filed on Aug. 15, 2013.
Claims priority of provisional application 61/761,347, filed on Feb. 6, 2013.
Prior Publication US 2020/0406220 A1, Dec. 31, 2020
Int. Cl. B01J 19/00 (2006.01); C40B 50/18 (2006.01); G01N 33/68 (2006.01)
CPC B01J 19/0046 (2013.01) [C40B 50/18 (2013.01); G01N 33/6842 (2013.01); B01J 2219/00596 (2013.01); B01J 2219/00637 (2013.01); B01J 2219/00711 (2013.01); B01J 2219/00725 (2013.01)] 13 Claims
 
1. A method of attaching a coupling molecule to a substrate, comprising:
obtaining a substrate comprising a plurality of carboxylic acid groups for linking to a coupling molecule;
contacting said substrate with a carboxylic acid activating compound formulation comprising a carbodiimide precursor selected from the group consisting of: 1-(3-(diethylamino)-propyl)-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1,4-dihydro-5H-tetrazole-5-thione, 4,5-dihydro-4-(hydroxymethyl)-1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole-5-thione, 1-(3-(dimethylamino) propyl)-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydro-5H-tetrazole-5-thione, 1,4-Bis (2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-ylmethyl)-1,4-dihydro-5H-tetrazole-5-thione, 4-cyclohexyl-1H-tetrazole-5(4H)-thione, and 1-phenyl-4-(piperidinomethyl)-tetrazole-5(4H)-thione, wherein said carbodiimide precursor converts to a carbodiimide upon exposure to electromagnetic radiation at a defined wavelength;
selectively exposing said carboxylic acid activating compound formulation to the electromagnetic radiation, thereby generating said carbodiimide and activating the carboxylic acid groups to form carbonyl groups on said substrate at a selectively exposed area;
contacting said substrate with a coupling formulation comprising a coupling molecule and a solvent;
coupling the coupling molecule to at least one of said plurality of carbonyl groups at said selectively exposed area.