| CPC G02F 1/0955 (2013.01) [H04B 10/50 (2013.01); H04B 10/501 (2013.01)] | 4 Claims |

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1. An isolator comprising:
a first waveguide, a second waveguide, and a third waveguide that are positioned along a substrate surface of a substrate,
wherein the first waveguide, the second waveguide, and the third waveguide each include a core surrounded by a dielectric,
wherein the first waveguide and the second waveguide include a first coupling portion that forms a first directional coupler that acts on an electromagnetic wave in a first mode,
wherein the first waveguide and the third waveguide include a second coupling portion that forms a second directional coupler that acts on either of an electromagnetic wave in the first mode and an electromagnetic wave in a second mode that is different from the first mode, and
wherein the second waveguide includes a nonreciprocal member adjacent to the core of the second waveguide in the first coupling portion, and thereby the first directional coupler does not couple an electromagnetic wave in a first direction and couples an electromagnetic wave in a second direction that is different from the first direction.
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