| CPC G06V 10/26 (2022.01) [G06V 10/764 (2022.01); G06V 10/7715 (2022.01); G06V 10/82 (2022.01)] | 12 Claims |

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1. A computer-implemented method for determining an output signal characterizing a semantic segmentation and/or an instance segmentation of an image, the method comprising the following steps:
determining a first intermediate output signal from a machine learning system, the first intermediate output signal characterizing a semantic segmentation and/or an instance segmentation of the image;
adapting parameters of the machine learning system based on a loss function, wherein the loss function characterizes an entropy or a cross-entropy of the first intermediate output signal; and
determining the output signal from the machine learning system based on the image and the adapted parameters;
wherein the loss function characterizes a mean entropy of classifications obtained for pixels of the image;
wherein a second intermediate output signal is determined based on the first intermediate output signal by using a transformation function,
wherein the second intermediate output signal characterizes a semantic segmentation and/or an instance segmentation of the image and the cross-entropy is determined based on the first intermediate output signal and the second intermediate output signal; and
wherein the transformation function characterizes an edge-preserving smoothing filter.
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