| CPC G06F 21/6209 (2013.01) [G06F 21/335 (2013.01); H04L 9/008 (2013.01); H04L 9/50 (2022.05)] | 20 Claims | 

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               1. An access-control system, comprising: 
            one or more processors; and 
                one or more non-transitory machine-readable storage media containing instructions that, when executed on the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations including: 
              associating a first key share with first data, wherein the first data is stored by a first computing device; 
                  associating a second key share with second data, wherein the second data is a copy of the first data and is stored by a second computing device; 
                  computing a hash chain for the first data using at least the second data; 
                  determining versioning information corresponding with the first data, the versioning information including at least the hash chain for the first data and a location of the first data; 
                  recording the versioning information corresponding with the first data on a distributed ledger accessible by the first computing device and the second computing device for verifying one or more copies of the first data; and 
                  managing access to at least one of the first data or the second data using the first key share and the second key share. 
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