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1. A device for realizing advanced nitrogen removal of mature landfill leachate and sludge reduction by using a sludge fermentation carbon source, wherein the device comprises: a raw water tank, a partial nitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation integrated reactor, a middle tank, an excess sludge alkaline fermentation tank, a fermentation product storage tank, a denitrification reactor, and a water outlet tank; the raw water tank is provided with an overflow pipe and a water outlet; the partial nitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation integrated reactor is provided with an air compressor, a gas flow meter, an aeration head, a first water inlet, a first sampling port, a first drainage port, a first blow-down pipe, a first agitator, a first water inlet peristaltic pump, a first water outlet peristaltic pump, a first pH and DO real-time monitoring device, and an ORP real-time monitoring device; the excess sludge alkaline fermentation tank is completely sealed and attached with a thermal insulation layer outside, and is provided with a temperature control device, a first sludge inlet, a second agitator, a second pH and DO real-time monitoring device, and a first sludge outlet; the denitrification reactor is provided with an air compressor, a gas flow meter, an aeration head, a second water inlet, a second sampling port, a second drainage port, a second blow-down pipe, a third agitator, a second water inlet peristaltic pump, a second water outlet peristaltic pump, and a third pH and DO real-time monitoring device; the raw water tank is connected with the first water inlet of the partial nitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation integrated reactor through the first water inlet peristaltic pump; the first drainage port of the partial nitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation integrated reactor is connected with a water inlet of the middle tank through the first water outlet peristaltic pump, and air passes through the air compressor and the gas flow meter and finally is driven into the partial nitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation integrated reactor through the aeration head; a water outlet of the middle tank is connected with the denitrification reactor through the second water inlet peristaltic pump; the first sludge outlet of the excess sludge alkaline fermentation tank is connected with the fermentation product storage tank; the fermentation product storage tank is connected with a second sludge inlet of the denitrification reactor; and the water outlet tank is connected with the second drainage port of the denitrification reactor through the second water outlet peristaltic pump.
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