| CPC H10B 63/30 (2023.02) [H10N 70/066 (2023.02); H10N 70/826 (2023.02); H10N 70/841 (2023.02)] | 20 Claims |

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1. A memory device, comprising:
a first bottom electrode having a first portion and a second portion connected to the first portion;
a first memory stack over the first portion of the first bottom electrode, wherein the first memory stack comprises a first resistive switching element and a first top electrode over the first resistive switching element;
a second memory stack over the second portion of the first bottom electrode, wherein the second memory stack comprises a second resistive switching element and a second top electrode over the second resistive switching element;
a first spacer continuously surrounding the first memory stack and the second memory stack in a first portion of the memory device;
a metal via extending through the first spacer to a top surface of the first bottom electrode in a second portion of the memory device; and
an oxide dielectric layer covering the first memory stack, the second memory stack, and the first bottom electrode, wherein the oxide dielectric layer is in contact with a sidewall of the first bottom electrode, and is interrupted between the first memory stack and the second memory stack.
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